Jammu and Kashmir is a region administered by India as a union territory and consists of the southern portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947 and between India and China since 1959
Kashmir was captured by the Sikh Empire in 1820, led by Ranjit Singh.[4] The Raja of Jammu, Gulab Singh, succeeded as the new ruler of Kashmir in 1846 following the Sikh loss in the First Anglo-Sikh War and the acquisition of the territory from the British under the Treaty of Amritsar. His heirs’ rule was based on the